History
Tipova cave monastery (10th-12th century)
The first human settlements on the territory of the district today appeared in the Neolithic era (7th-5th millennium BC). Near villages Solonceni, Echimăuţi and Stohnaia and found traces of the existence of territorial and cultural community of families of related tribes.
Fertile soil, suitable for cattle breeding and agriculture, water and
forests bank, which is a good shelter, were elements that favored flat settlements in these places. Dacians inhabited these territories 2nd millennium BC - 5th century AD. 1st century BC Dacian leader Burebista, unites dacian communities, forming a unitary Dacian state. This state called Dacia, included the present territory of Rezina district. In the 10th-12th centuries a monastery was built near Tipova. The monastery is carved from a giant limestone rock and includes 18 caves, connected by internal passages. It is one of the most important buildings (cave monastery) on the banks of the Nistru river. District towns, with the earliest historical attestation are Horodiste and Pecişte documented during 1437-1466. The first evidence of Rezina, a village landlord, we find a document of 5 February 1495 that prince of Stephan the Great,
strengthens his Toader, Rezina village where he was Alexa Vataman, at
the mouth of Rezina river purchased from his relatives, grandchildren of
the great Negrea 70 Tatars zloty.
In the 16th-18th centuries, further develop the region's economic,
cultural and shows a marked increase in the population. In 1812 Treaty of Bucharest divides Basarabia from the Principality of Moldova, the first being ceded to Russia. In 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Basarabia decide union with the motherland Romania, during this period (1918–1944) district, is part of Orhei County. Basarabia is again busy this time of the USSR after the Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of Independence of Moldova, part of the Soroca County (1991–2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.
Geography
Waterfall nearby Saharna monastery
Rezina district is located in the central-eastern part of Moldova. Does neighborhood Şoldăneşti District in the north, to the east with Rîbnița District, in south Orhei District and Teleneşti District in the west. District is located, Nistru Plateau, has a rugged terrain, with a strong erosion process. Throughout the district, situated on the river Nistru, is very picturesque. Of particular interest has two nature reserves: Saharna (670 ha) and Tipova
(430 ha). Of rare beauty is Saharna river, forming small 22 waterfalls.
Among the most impressive are "Gypsy Falls" with a height of 4 m and 6 m
wide. Tipova nature reserve, covers the old terraces of the Nistru River and Tipova river valleys, which flows through the gorge, forming several waterfalls with a height of 10–16 m. District has mineral resources like gravel, sand, clay, stone and raw material for cement.
Climate
District has a warm climate, temperate, climate influenced by the Eastern Carpathians
and Ukrainian Plain. The average annual temperature in this area is
between 8-9 c degrees, in winter -4-4.5 c, sometimes reaching -20-25
degrees, 35-40 degrees in summer. In the present climate of this area
has become warmer than bank last century. The fact is explained, as is
known, the evolution of warm climate in Western and Eastern Europe, the
temperature change caused by different natural and human factors.
